Heterogneous Threshold Effect of Environmental Regulation on R ＆ D Innovation Efficiency from the Value Chain Perspective：Analysis Based on the Panel Data of 33 Industrial Sub-sectors from 2004 to 2011

　　基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“完善生态补偿机制研究”（12＆ZD072）;陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目“陕西省低碳城市发展模式研究”（12JK0141）;国家自然科学基金项目“西部区域创新环境质量评价、监测与空间差异研究”（71273209）;国家社会科学基金项目“基于包容性和可持续性双重视角的矿产资源出让收益分享机制研究”（BCJY041）

　　摘　　要：文章采用中国工业33个细分行业2004～2011年的面板数据，运用门槛回归技术，实证研究了环境规制对R＆D双环节效率的门槛效应。实证结论表明，环境规制对R＆D双环节效率的门槛效应具有明显的异质性。在外商直接投资、贸易自由化和市场化水平门槛条件下，环境规制对R＆D转换效率的影响呈“U”形特征，即环境规制对R＆D转换效率的影响经历先负后正的过程，在一定程度上验证了“波特假说”；在行业获利能力、规模化水平门槛条件下，环境规制对R＆D转换效率存在倒“U”形作用机制，揭示了环境规制对R＆D转换效率的促进也有一定程度的限制。而环境规制对R＆D转化效率的门槛效应实证结果表明：在外商直接投资、市场化水平门槛条件下，环境规制对R＆D转化效率的影响具有倒“U”形特征；而在贸易自由化水平、行业获利能力及工资门槛条件下，总体上呈正的线性特征。

　　Abstract：Based on the panel data of 33 industrial sub-sectors from 2004 to 2011, this paper em- ploys threshold regression method to empirically study the threshold effect of environmental regulation on R＆D dual-link efficiency. Empirical results show that the threshold effect of environmental regula- tion on R~.D dual-link efficiency is obviously featured by heterogeneity. Under threshold conditions such as foreign direct investment, trade liberalization and marketization level, the effect of environmen- tal regulation on R＆D conversion efficiency shows a U-shape feature, namely the effect of environmen- tal regulation on R~D conversion efficiency experiences a first negative and then positive process, con- firming Porter hypothesis to a certain extent. Under threshold conditions such as industry profitability and scale level, environmental regulation has an inverted U-shape effect on R~〉-D conversion efficiency, revealing the limited positive effect of environmental regulation on R~.D conversion efficiency. The em- pirical results of threshold effect o{ environmental regulation on R~D conversion efficiency show that under threshold conditions such as foreign direct investment and marketization level,the effect of envi- ronmental regulation on R~D conversion efficiency shows an inverted U-shape feature and under threshold conditions such as trade liberalization,industry profitability and wages, the effect of environ- mental regulation on R~〉D conversion efficiency is featured by positive linearity overall.

　　关 键 词：R&D双环节效率 门槛效应 环境规制

　　R＆D dual-link efficiency threshold effect environmental regulation

　　分 类 号：F426F424.6

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